Anxiety disorders may be severe, making it difficult to carry out vital daily duties and live a full life. While worry might help us endure possible threats to our safety and well-being, anxiety disorder takes it to its logical conclusion. This sort of anxiety happens not just at moments of perceived stress, but even when there is nothing to fear. Moreover, if left untreated, anxiety disorder can develop and become much more prevalent. In such circumstances, the battle with anxiety disorder can be crippling.
That is why it is vital to treat cases of anxiety disorder so that patients can lead a more normal life. Medication is one of the most often used therapeutic strategies. It may be a great tool for regaining life balance, whether used alone or in conjunction with therapy. Here’s a deeper look at how anxiety medications work to treat this condition.
What is the Mechanism of Anxiety Medication?
Anxiety medication works by targeting neurotransmitters in the brain that are involved in mood and anxiety control. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), benzodiazepines, and beta-blockers are the most often used medications to treat anxiety disorders.
Antidepressant drugs known as SSRIs and SNRIs operate by boosting levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin in the brain. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that helps to regulate mood, sleep, and anxiety. These drugs can help relieve anxiety symptoms by raising serotonin levels in the brain.
Benzodiazepines are sedative medications that function by enhancing the activity of a neurotransmitter in the brain called gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). GABA is a molecule that serves to control the action of other neurotransmitters, and benzodiazepines can help to reduce anxiety and promote relaxation by boosting its activity.
Beta-blockers are a kind of drug designed to treat high blood pressure, but they can also be used to alleviate anxiety symptoms such as heart palpitations and perspiration. They act by inhibiting the effects of adrenaline in the body, which can aid in the relief of physical symptoms of anxiety.
Medication’s Role in the Treatment of Anxiety Disorders
If a doctor determines that medicine is required, there are several sorts to select from. Again, they can be used in conjunction with psychotherapy, which is often in the form of cognitive-behavioral therapy, or on their own. To obtain the greatest outcomes, a doctor should constantly review the treatment plan and make modifications as needed.
Anxiety drugs are only available with a prescription, and different medications are used to treat different forms of anxiety disorders. It is crucial to highlight that medicine is often used to treat and ease the symptoms of anxiety disorders and should not be regarded as a panacea. The following are the most common forms of anxiety medications:
Antidepressants
Since they target mood and stress, these drugs, which are often recommended to treat depression, can also aid with anxiety. Anxiety disorders are treated with two kinds of antidepressants: selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) (SNRIs). Tricyclic antidepressants and monoamine oxidase inhibitors are less often used drugs in this group (MAOIs).
Benzodiazepines
Benzodiazepines, along with antidepressants, are considered first-line treatments for anxiety disorders. There are some significant differences: Benzodiazepines have a faster onset of action than antidepressants, but they also have a larger risk of tolerance, thus they are more effective in the short term or for flare-ups than in the long run.
Antidepressants are normally chosen for long-term usage, as benzodiazepines can cause withdrawal symptoms. Clonazepam (Klonopin®), alprazolam (Xanax®), and lorazepam (Ativan®) are examples of these drugs.
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